The Indian ringneck parakeet (Psittacula krameri), also known as the rose-ringed parakeet, is native to Africa and the Indian subcontinent, but has established feral populations in South Africa due to escapes and releases from the pet trade since the early 1900s.
Why It’s a Problem:
Agricultural Damage: These parakeets feed on fruits, grains, and crops, causing significant economic losses for farmers and gardeners.
Nesting Competition: They compete aggressively for nesting cavities, displacing native birds like wood-hoopoes and barbets.
Noise Pollution: Their loud, persistent calls—especially in communal roosts—can be disruptive in urban and suburban areas.
Disease Transmission: Potential carriers of diseases harmful to poultry, native wildlife, and humans.
Outcompeting Native Species: Their adaptability and size allow them to dominate over smaller, indigenous birds.
Expanding Range: Populations are spreading across urban and suburban regions in Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal, with the potential to spread further if control measures are not implemented.
Current Distribution in South Africa:
– Established in major cities like Pretoria, Johannesburg, Durban, and Cape Town.
– Growing populations in KwaZulu-Natal and Gauteng.
– Reports from Invasive Species South Africa and the Mail & Guardian confirm continued spread without intervention.
Global Context:
– Also invasive in parts of Europe, including widespread urban colonization in the UK.
– Research shows a negative impact on native bird populations in these regions as well.
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